Compare sources for Quercus ilicifolia

East USA; 0-1500 m; introduced in Europe in 1800;

1-2.5 m (to5 m); shrubby; branches slender, spreading;

Deciduous. Shrub or small tree usually under 15’ often forming thickets.

5-10 x 4-7.5 cm; semi-evergreen; apex pointed; base cuneate; 2-5 toothed lobes with shallow sinuses; dark green above; paler beneath, greyish or whitish tomentose; dark purple in winter; petiole 1-2 cm long, pubescent;

• 4”
• 3-7 pointed lobes
• dark glossy above
• underleaf whitish, unlike other red oaks

acorn 1-1.5 cm; paired; numerous; dark brown, striped with black; sessile; cup enclosing 1/4 to 1/3 of nut; maturing in 2 years; bitter;

-3/4”

• cup fairly deep
• scales pointed, tight

fruits at 5 years old;

brown to yellowish, downy

small, blunt, dark reddish

hardy; prefers lime-free soils, even poor or dry; slow-growing, short-lived;

Locally common in poor soil in clearings and edges, dry sandy woods and barrens, rocky outcrops.
Not cultivated

– A.Camus : 420; – Sub-genus Quercus, section Lobatae, subsection Phellos; – Hybrids with other red oaks ( Q.x brittonii , Q.x caesariensis , Q.x fernaldii , Q.x giffordii , Q.x rehderi , Q. x robbinsii ) ;